Compare or Contrast Public and Private Companies

In todays highly moneymaking(prenominal) world, one of the key objectives of starting a credit line sector is to make profit. sequence this efficiency be true and important to e genuinely business, most raft believe that a business should not centralise solely on profitability, but on the calibre of harvest-festivals and services it offers to its customers.This essay leave alone hash out the various perspectives on the topic and will to a large boundary agree with the turn over that businesses should not just focus on profit, by looking at customer desire for high quality harvesting and their willingness to pay, then highlighting how focus on quality can corpus to lower greet of fruit and profitability as well as how quality influence organisation to be socially responsible, sustainable and profitable.First, a strong reason to concentrate on improving quality of convergence or services of an organisation is the fact that customers desires high quality well(p), and atomic number 18 willing to pay for value added. This was corroborated by (Nagar and Rajan 2001), who found out that pitiful product quality reduces customer goodwill and loyalty which in exhaust affects future revenues as dissatisfied customers take their business elsewhere or pay less for the business firms product. Such a product and the firm producing it acquire a bad reputation since poor product quality leaves a lasting impression on the consumer who perceives it as a low quality brand. In order for a product to be a perceived as a premium brand, a firm must continually improve on the quality of its products or services. A satisfied customer base lead to good brand detection and will open the door to numerous repeated purchases and referrals which will in turn help the firm to grow its market share, become more(prenominal) competitiveness and increase its profitability.Focusing on quality significantly lowers cost of business at long run. Operations Management (Russell a nd Taylor, 2000) explains that, manufacturing of products to a high quality standard through implementation of quality focus system set about a large impact on overall quality cost reduction, it in addition argues that it saves time and money by reducing the amount of regretful products that could result in wastes, thereby lowering significantly the costs of production, as well as cost to re-work defective products.Without a quality management system, poor-quality and defective products may finds their way into the market, through to the customer leading to indorsement claims, product returns and in extreme litigation from product liability or injury to the customer. This may have a serious financial significance to the company as the costs associated with product recall and warranties would be huge and in extreme case the aggrieves imposed due to litigation could make the company insolvent, leading to a total collapse.However, an opposing stead on this is that profit maxi mization is should be the main focus of the business as long as it pays its taxes and operates within the ambit of the law (Friedman, 1962). Certainly, this view may have worked for organisations in the 1800s it definitely does not obligate in todays modern and globalised world. The perspective is not except very narrow in view it also fails to take into reflexion other stakeholders who are affected by its activities of, but can also affect its existence.To these types of organisations, making ethical decisions is seen only if from the viewpoint costly and profit. Organisations operate for profit alone are yet to appreciate the advantages of good corporeal social responsibility and capitalize on it to grow their businesses in a sustainable and socially responsible manner. This drive for profit has led umpteen to slash of employees benefits and salaries benefits pollute the environment and cause permanent damage to the ecosystem all in bid to improve their bottom-line and many have pull in a very bad reputation, suffer product boycott and defile their corporate image.In concluding this essay, as much as profit is very essential to the survival of a business, I want to agree that businesses should focus more on the improving quality of its products or services. This can be clearly seen to from the fact customer expects high quality at good value always, and because improving the quality will eventually bring surmount cost of production for a company. As well, quality focus drives a company to take ethical decisions and operate in a socially responsible and sustainable manner.It may be tempting for a business to sacrifice quality in order maximize its profit. However, it benefits will only be in the short term. A simple focus on profit maximization could destroy the continued existence of the business, not to detect the society in which it operates. A firm aiming extreme profit might purposefully cut corners during a project, knowing it gets the perks of a better after part for now knowing a future management team will have to deal with the damage of spill-induced lawsuit, fines, and a haul-up to it at the Criminal Court.

Food Safety and Hyienic Practices of Street Food Essay

DISCUSSIONThe avenue food industry plays an serious role in developing countries in meeting the food demands of the urban dwellers. Street foods feed millions of people daily with a wide miscellany of foods that are relatively cheap and easily accessible (Latham, 1997). However there are significant reports of health problems that have been associated with these street foods(Muleta and Ashenafi (2001) Ashenafi (1995) El-Sherbeeny et al (1985) Abdussalam and Kaferstein, (1993) Mensah et al (2002) and Omemu and Aderoju (2008). Street foods are sources of nutrition for many low-income groups at affordable prices in large urban areas.Nevertheless, there are also several health hazards associated with them. These foods could be main vehicle for transmission of severe and fatal diseases that could be life threatening.Contamination of these foods could result from pre or post cooking pollution from the food handlers. Street food vendors are often unlicensed, untrained in food safety, food hygiene and sanitation, and work under crude unhealthful conditions (FAO 1990). Muinde and Kuria (2005) in their study in Nairobi, Kenya found that over thirty-five pct of the vendors belonged to the age category of 20-25 old age. Sixty percent of the vendors were male objet dart 40% were female. Sixty-two percent of the vendors interviewed had primary education and below, 36.3% had secondary education while only 1.3% had college education. In our study we found women made up 66.67% of the vendors while males made up 33.33% who fell into the average age group of 31-40 years with mean age of 41.23 years. This is in contrast with their findings. In Accra the street food trade was conducted by children aged 10 years and by women aged.

Communication children/young people and staff Essay

Children need commanding in their life, so its continuously nice to approach a child with a smile. It is so good to ask them how they ar. Children al authoritys have some news to share no matter how all eventful(p) it may be. It is very important to them to listen to what they would like to share with you. Children/ youthful People and even Older multitude always like to tone that they matter and that they are important. Many children are learning at diametrical levels. Some privy take in more information than others. It is important that you adapt to every child/young persons need. You as well as them have to understand what level each person is at so you can help them reach the best they can. It is always better to be positive. Body language and attitude is very important when speaking to a child/young person or member of staff. Speak all the way so all can understand you.Let the children/young spate/parents and even staff know that they can come and talk to you. hark b ack to listen, be polite, friendly and make sure they feel that they are existence listened too. All children and young people have to understand that there are rules to follow and they have to behave in the correct manner. Children and young people look up to older people so it is a positive idea for the staff to follow the rules as well. Communication is very incumbent when speaking to your colleagues. This way it ensures consistency throughout the staffing team. If staff do not talk to one another situations can get out of establish and could lead to disagreements or even resentment between your colleagues. The best way of preventing this sort of situation is for everyone to know and understand what is happening so we can all work it out together.

Personal Philosophy of Nursing Essay

My philosophical system in nurse is the devotion to bear the utmost personal long-suffering care I am capable of delivering to the ill, may it be physically, mentally, or emotional, as sanitary as to the challenged in time of need. In couch to define my doctrine of nursing, I had to take time out and re-examine my value system, and my beliefs. As I think about it I know I am a caring and compassionate nurse. I reminisced back to the late 70s, my upbringing in foreign countries and having been exposed to diverse cultures, I chop-chop learned to revert back to the customs instilled in me by my parents and family. My mores and determine of caring with my dedication indeed make a difference.With this valued icon in my young life, these core values of nursing the beliefs instilled in me were delimitate by family and friends and peers and my personal as well as professional developing which made me the person I am today. Chitty defines philosophy as philosophy is the study of pr inciples underlying conduct, thought, and the nature of the universe (p. 31), and Merriam-Webster more cl earliest defines states hobby of wisdom, the search for a general understanding of values and reality by chiefly speculative rather the observational needs (online dictionary). Thats me.I strongly belief in modern medication and the advancements in technology, thereof it is crucial for me to keep up on current trends, translate procedures, the subprogram of new equipment and what to expect for my patients. I respect the patients autonomy and their ethical behaviors. With empathy and care, I am their advocate I am their role when he/she is unable to speak, it is my therapeutic touch they aroma and I am part of their treatment team. It is my commitment to my patient, to the organization, and my value system.I believe in the mandatory continuing education process for nurses. In order to deliver proficient patient care it is of utmost importance to me in order to remain educa ted on current research and trends. Keeping up with federal regulations on HIPAA gives me the power to educate my patient and to assure them that their privacy is nurseed and secured. The updates from the Center of Disease Control award me to deliver the eliminate care patient specific and as well as protect my self from exposures. I am able to explain to my patient wherefore I am wearing a mask, a gown, or wherefore I am red-bagging allhis linens. The patient does indeed ask obtuse questions being observant by their facial expressions I can be honest and educated with my rationales.I also belief in holistic nursing encompassing, and nourishing the whole person, that is the body, mind and spirit (Chitty, 2007, p 312) as well as in holistic medicine nontraditional forms of medicine that consider the whole person rather the disease or groups of pathological organs, it also considers the body, mind, emotion, spirit connection (Powell, p 504). It is my responsibility in hold ga ined knowledge, skills, and resources to improve my patients quality of life.I strongly feel and believe that every person should be covered under customary Health Care. However, Governmental constraints along with templetlines and monetary reimbursements do not allow for additional hospital stays. I am the advocate for my patient, and as a Case Manager, I will assure that to find assistance for the patient to have someone caring for him/her at home due to early discharge. We, society, neglect to accept the reality that our patient population is getting senior(a) and their healthcare needs are more serious and demanding.I support that professional nursing draws upon the related disciplines of natural and social sciences and humanities, and it is my contribution as a nurse to the best of my abilities to facilitate maximum functional health status for my patient by collaborating with the treatment team, families, groups and the community. It is my duty and commitment as a nurse t o uphold my philosophy of nursing. I continue to mensurate my mores and values and seek to continue my education, I will advocate for my patient. I will continue to care for myself, to adhere to healthy lifestyle practices and to notice my physical, mental and emotional health in order to continue to turn in care to my patients with dignity and respect.ReferencesChitty, K.K. (2007). Professional Nursing Concepts & Challenges (5th ed.). St. Louis ElsevierInc. Retrieved October 3, 2008 from University of Phoenix Library.Philosophy (2008). In Merriam-Webster online Dictionary.Retrieved October 2, 2008, from http///www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/philosophyPowell, S.K. (2000) Nursing Case Management A practical guide to success in managed care(2nd ed.), Philadelphia Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Math and Music

There argon well-nigh obvious similarities between medicine and math. A musician might not think about them consciously, but knows innately. Scales and intervals ar essentially buildings of numeric relationships. Grasping the importance of math to music manner going beyond the conception that math is more than just outlets.Musicians at the highest level know that math is, in fact, fundamental to music. Musicians and mathematicians dont often think of themselves in the same terms, but they argon really practiti mavinrs of the same art. Music can be studied, created and expressed through the principles of natural philosophy and geometry.OriginsThe language of music is heavily laden with numerical jargon. Every issue prevailer learns to assign numbers to scale notes and intervals. A musician asked to play a minor seventh interval can visualize this in numerical form. They think of the scale, then determine its relationship to what they were asked to play. For most musicians, this benevolent of math is an unconscious process. It becomes second nature.Math should not be opinion of as a static set of lifeless numbers. In reality, math is a dynamic and creative process of discovering relationships and evaluating their meanings. Music shares the same elements of the enigma solving process.The superannuated Greek mathematician Pythagoras was fascinated with music and its expression of numeric relationships. The beauty of music, for him, was the same as that a mathematician experiences in the process of uncovering (Loy, 2006). He saw the differences in notes in terms of ratios. For example, if C is the washing soda D would be 9/8 of C. The ratio is describing the difference in the number of vibrations. Each note has its own ratio, relative to tonic. The ratio is compute for notes in higher octaves, and divided for notes in lower octaves. Generally speaking, the relative relative frequency of a note within a scale can be calculated by multiplying the frequency of the tonic note times the frequency ratio for the selected interval (Reid, 2007).The concept of the octave was describe by ancient mathematicians. They discovered that some notes, although different, could be almost imperceptible to the human ear. Correspondingly, they constitute that there is a mathematical relationship between the same notes in different octaves. The relationships Pythagoras and others illustrated between math and music are fundamental to the breeding of both fields. In an age when music can be created with computers, the mathematical elements of music have become even more important.FoundationsMath and music both use symbols and employ conceptual frameworks. As in math, some elements of music are undefined or vague. Yet, the influence of math is ostensible in fashions musicians may not even consciously realize. Harvey Reid cites one such exampleThe frets of a guitar are actually placed jibe to the 12th rootof 2, and 12 frets go middle(prenomina l) up the neck, to the octave, which ishalfway between the ends of the strings. (2007)A note is the most basic element of music. What is a note? In technical terms, a note is a particular frequency of vibrations. A good example of this can be seen on an electronic tuning meter. The meter does not hear notes, per se. It counts the number of vibrations the instrumentalist is creating and matches it to the appropriate frequency for the note being tuned. The actions the player takes to come into deference with the tuner are essentially part of a mathematical worry-solving process. This illustrates the physics of music.The time signature itself is a mathematical formula related to number theory. The formula is n/2m, where n and m are positive solely numbers (Benson, 2006). More complex time signatures lead to more alter mathematical relationships. This complexity can be heard, and felt, by the listener.Scales are expressions of mathematical ratios. Broadly classified, scales may be practice-based, just intoned or tough (Reid, 2007). All are based on mathematical theories. The intervals present in the scales are expressions of mathematical ratios.The process of write music is mathematical at its heart. It consists of constructing many mathematical relationships that, in some way, still relate to each(prenominal) other. We know what intervals to avoid or, in other words, what frequencies clash in an ungracious way.Some music takes on geometric properties. A piece in which a theme is repeated and overlapped continually can be described geometrically. The theme is often stretched, overlapped, changed slightly and moved to different keys. All of these are mathematical actions that could be visualized graphically.Technology, the future and ConclusionIn the computer age, musicians have a vast array of tools to create new and kindle music. Computers themselves are mathematical machines. Each command is a mathematical problem for the computer to solve. In machines that have vast mathematical capabilities, musicians can research notational relationships in ways they never thought possible before. There are limitations to the human ear, but technology can use mathematic principles to explore those limitations.The daylong a person studies music, the more they become aware of its mathematical roots. Similarly, the eternal a person studies mathematics, the more aware they become music is an expression of mathematical concepts. As technology advances, the potential exists for the each field to maturation the knowledge of the other.Most musicians innately sense the connection with math. The connections go off the beaten track(predicate) beyond the obvious, however. It is a linkage that can be traced all the way back to common origins.SourcesBenson, David L. (2006). Music a numerical Offering. New York CambridgeUniversity Press.Loy, Gareth. (2006). Musimathics The Mathematical Foundations of Music Vol. 1.Boston The MIT Press.Reid, Harvey. (2007 ). Of Mathematics and Music. Accessed 3/22/2007 fromhttp//www.woodpecker.com/writing/essays/math+music.html

Were Stalin’s Purges in the 1930’s a success or a disaster?

By 1929, Joseph Stalin had become the undisputed asterisker of one of the largest populations in the world. He achieved this with a combination of political scheming, the mistakes of his opponents and the ingenious counselling in which he built up his power base. Stalin had great plans, but in fix up to execute them, he needed power. It seemed in that location was however one way to keep Russia in order to control the concourse to such(prenominal) an period that they would be afraid to even think of opposing him. Stalin, like tzar Nicolas II before him, had trouble keeping this vast calculationry in order. Soon, the terror increased, as Stalin tried to keep control and the death count rose. Was this veridically the way forward? By the end of the 1930s, terror and apprehension reigned alongside Stalin.In 1934 the leader of the Leningrad Communist Party, Kirov, was murdered. Stalin used this as an excuse to purge his opponents and all opposition. It is now suspected that th is move was pre-empted by Stalin, in order for him to be able to wipe out all resistance. Stalin was, however, neer proved as the murderer, and kept the trust of his people. Soon, Stalin had appropriate reasoning to be able to purge most of the rest of the cabinet members, and arrested around 500,000 society constituents.After this, Stalin moved onto the army, concentrating on the officers. This move was not so clever, as this meant Stalin had eliminated not only threats, but possible help too. The purges were extended, and Stalin turned his vigilance onto university lecturers, teachers, miners, engineers, factory managers and even ordinary workers, just to stay in control. He achieved that, but little else it seems. Stalin lost all support which was not forced, and had to develop officers and workers, to replace the ones imprisoned or dead. By 1937, an estimated 18 million people had been purged, with little reasoning as to why. The cracks began to show, as Stalin wiped out m ore and more people, to stay in authority of an ever-shrinking public.Although these Purges were villainous, Stalin had some reasoning behind them. His aims were more concentrated on the long term, in which all his opponents were destroyed, and Stalin had complete control. However, Stalin appeared to focus on one area of improvement at a time, as although the Purges helped him gain control, they excessively stopped improvement in other areas, such as becoming stronger. As Stalin had eliminated a lot of army officers, it meant that if Russia came chthonic threat of war, the unexampledly-trained soldiers would not be able to fight well, and could jeopardise the victory of any war.The Purges also effected collectivization, as Stalin purged many Kulaks, who worked on the land. This caused pandemonium in the countryside, as in anger the Kulaks burnt their crops and slaughtered their animals. In 1933 there was famine, as food production fell and starving peasants watched Communist o fficials direct food for export.A leader whose callous disregard for human bread and butter was matched only by his increasing paranoia, Stalin increased workloads for all workersHowever, once collectivization got under way, it was found to be a success. For peasants, the Purges were a triumph in some ways, as they were finally being treated fairly and equally. Collectivisation meant peasants were offered safe places to live, and had enough to eat, like all other people. Industrialisation also meant peasants were able to eat, as they were paid in food coupons, instead of real money. Though all Stalins plans meant hard work for the Peasants, it was an easier way of life, and meant all communities lived and worked the same. large term success of the Purges are intertwined with the success of Collectivisation and Industrialisation, as it meant both could be achieved. For Stalin, it was also a huge help, as it meant a large comparison of the opposition were gone. This left the way cl ear to a supposedly brighter future, and new Russia.In conclusion, the Purges were seen as a failure as not only did the death toll reach around 18 million, just by dint of Stalins apparent insecurities but Russia was actually left weaker than before, with no army to lead them, and little food. As Stalins grip on Russia became tighter, terror ruled the people.

Emerson on War Essay

Emersons mind is heterogeneous because it has resulted from his wide reading of the East and the West. It puts together virtually incompatible ideals in oriental and occidental thought. Like so many topics that his essays cover, his conception of and communication on War is both very original and influential. He lays unornamented the evolutionary and changing view of struggle as it has come hatful the ages. Whereas ancient Greek and Roman heroes valued war believing it to be an honorable and manly activity, it needs to be seen against the wisdom of the Vedas and of course through and through Emersons eyes to get to the reality of war.Emerson is a powerful judgment because even though most countries begin relied heavily on war and will still indulge in it when the need arises, they aim manufacture conscious of the animalistic nature if this rather insane activity. Emerson is not screenland to the merits of waging war. He does begin his discourse by pointing out that people are educated by war and they become manly by indulge in it. He maintains that some of the most civilized of people have stood by the necessity of war. Yet the page of history shows how war has declined because it has stepwise lost its glory and yet is far from over.For Emerson ideas are more pregnant than circumstances and war is the outcome of the latter. It expects that Emersons ideas on war have led so many great minds to cogitate on the topic. Bernard Shaw, Vivekananda and Gandhi are just a few. Wordsworthian and Indian spiritualistic thought seem to come together in Emersons mind that refuses to take views for granted. in time Christianity is questioned as it has fostered religious wars. Those who can shun war are virtuously advanced for they have not so much madness remaining in their brains, you have a nation of lovers, of benefactors, of true, great, and able, men.

The Game That Went Wrong!

It was 9. 00pm on a subdued and cold night. Michael, Simon, Steffanie and Gemma were paseo through the woods. God its a play dark here init state Steff as they were trudging through the dirt and the tall, dark trees. God youre a wimp said mike as he came up behind her and scared her half to death. Steff grabbed his hand so tightly you could virtually obtain his face turn purple. Guys.. sh come out of the closeted gem a few feet behind them, I think weve mixed-up si What do you mean LOST him? He was right behind us said a scared and worried steff, you k presently si, hes probably fairish universe stupid yeh well it isnt very remarkable is it Si, Si, cook it up now, it isnt funny They kept walking while shouting him.Guys, hes bin gone for nearly an hour now, where is he? gem said They kept walking and eventually came to the end of the woods Steff was really worrying about him now. I estimate I said to stick to graspher alone no Thats too much to ask isnt it We ca nt do anything without approximatelyone going abstracted or something going wrong Try his alert gem pulled out her mobile and started ringing him, its switched off Great average bloody great Si screamed steff. It was at this point that everyone was starting to get worried.What if something has happened to him? Will you come together up youre giving me a headache Look he said he was going to hide in the woods and try and scare you notwithstanding hes been gone way too long now Be careful, the persist thing we need is to loose another one of us failure b fine mike set off back inside the woods. It was even darker now as 2 hours had nearly passed. What happens if we never see him again, I mean he could watch been killed or anything Steff Will you shut up, he will be fine, hes very much alive just lost or something Stop exaggerating and tranquil down Mike came walking back towards us on that point was no sign of Si surface where is he? Please testify me you be him No, ive looked everywhere but there was no sign of him, all I found was this he shake off his hand in his jacket pocket and pulled out Sis phone and pocketbook Oh my god Something must have happened to him, He will turn up, dont worry, you live on what Si is like Its getting late, we gota tell someone Look I aint leaving until we have found him Im not giving up, he wouldnt give up on us It was at this point that everyone was panicking and didnt know what to do. bounce his mum ask her if shes heard from him Gem pulled out her phone and started to ring, there was no answer, I think they must be out or something because they arent answering. Weve got half an hour to pick up him If he doesnt turn up well just have to hope hes turned up at home or something They all stayed together and kept searching but they didnt find him, it was now 11. 30pm and to it was too dark and too late to keep looking for him. I think we should get going They all started walking up the pass ageway I will try ringing his parents again when I get in, if I hear anything I will let u know Mike said as he was walking down his drive, ok I hope he is ok See ya tomorrow It was a very long night for everyone, they didnt have a clue where Simon was or where he had gone, Steff was all up night as she couldnt sleep as she was too worried about Simon. Every time she looked at the time just an hour had passed, 2 oclock, 3 oclock, 4 oclock and yet excuse no one had heard anything about Si. The conterminous day Steff rang Mike to see if he had heard anything.No I havent, I rang his parents again this morning and they said they havent heard from him and he never came home go night they thought he had they said that they were worried so they have rang around and nobody has seen him so they rang the police to file a missing persons report so I think they have gone out looking for him What exactly did you say to them, how did they take it? Well I rundle to his mum and I told her we were just messing about and we were just playing, then we lost Si and we went looking for him but couldnt find him, she was pretty upset, she started crying and I didnt know what to say, She said that if hes not found by within the next few hours could we give in a statement so I said yes? Oh my god, what happens if we never see him again, its my entire fault Steff just stabilise down, we dont know whats happened yet, we just got to wait and see, it isnt your fault, it isnt any of our faults, we just got to stay calm and stick together I hope hes ok or I will never forgive myself Look Im really sorry but Ive got to go now, a police car has just pulled up exterior my house Ok, what are you going to say? Im gonna be honest and tell them everything Ok ring me later and tell me how its gone, tra Mike opened the doorstep to the two police officers and they came in and sat down.With the look on the officers faces, Mike started to worry, Were very sorry to deliver this news to y ou but Im afraid we found Simons body We found it in a black bag amongst some bushes deep in the woods, were very sorry Mike paused and didnt say anything, he was completely taken back. God I didnt think he was dead, when did you find him, we were only having a bit of fun Were very sorry I think his parents may want to speak to you shortly Err ramble yeh thats ok the police officers got up and walked out

Counseling Strategies Paper

Research indicates that the majority of idiosyncratics drinks less(prenominal) frequently and consume less alcohol when they do drink following alcoholism pleader, although short-term outcomes (e. g. 3 months) ar more favorable than those from studies with at least a socio-economic class follow-up. Positive outcomes yield benefits for alcoholics and their families, as well as leading to nest egg to society in terms of decreased costs for medical, social and whitlow justice services.Reviews of counseling outcome for alcohol problems have developed from early(a) efforts to summarize keyings, to reports which derived outcome statistics, to more recent publications examining efficacy in controlled studies with information on cost legalness. Clearly, the literature suggests that a variety of approaches fucking be effective, some more than new(prenominal)s beca habit of the nature of the counseling and intercession and the intensity of the approach.The federation financial s upport approach (CRA) attempts to increase clients access to confirmative activities and makes involvement in these activities contingent on abstinence. This approach combines more of the components of other behavioral approaches, including monitored disulfiram, behavior contracting, behavioral marital therapy, social skills fostering, pauperismal counseling and mood management. about of the largest counseling effects in the literature have been associated with the familiarity reinforcement approach (Miller et al. , 1995).Compared to more traditional treatment approaches, the CRA has been shown to be more boffo in helping inpatient or outpatient alcoholics tarry sober and employed. Although confederacy reinforcement is a more intense treatment approach, it is consistent with the underlying philosophy of several other effective approaches. The ability to establish honour descents, to management on changing the social environment so that positivist reinforcement is avai lable, and to reduce reinforcement for drinking are evinced with the community reinforcement and other approaches.The key appears to be helping the client to find and become involved in activities that are more rewarding than drinking. To the flowing that nisus causes sulfurous physical sensations and associated dysphoric moods, it is a high-risk function for excessive alcohol use. An important coping skill for clients to learn is how to use the physical and emotional signs of stress as cues to stop, look and listen and to sift something to cope besides heavy drinking. quiet training is a complete coping skill in the repertoire of a person attempt to distract excessive drinking.It send word help clients to reduce their anxiety and stress when facing stressful situations and minimize their typical takes of motor and psychological tension. Relaxation training can also assist a person to remain calm and to think clearly in circumstances that require effective problem solv ing and fast action. Many individuals believe in the tension-reducing properties of alcohol, whether or not they are true, and, without an alternative means to relax, excessive drinking whitethorn be a persons merely means of coping with painful sensations and unpleasant emotions.Relaxation training fosters general stress- simplification and can be taught to clients using various techniques that each reduce muscle tension, develop deep breathing skills or focus on the use of pleasant imagery (Monti et al. , 1989). In addition to relaxation method training, both meditation and exercise have been shown to have similar stress reducing properties. Contingency management procedures assist clients to re-structure their environment to decrease the rewards associated with alcohol use and increase the costs of excessive drinking.The principles of contingency management are based on operant or instrumental learning approaches to world behavior. Contingency management techniques include pr oviding incentives for compliance with alcohol treatment and positive reinforcement from spouses or friends for sobriety. This approach is combined with punishment, in the form of secession of circumspection and approval contingent on the resumption of excessive drinking, and nutrition for social support, recreational activities and vocational counseling.In recent years there has been a growing recognition of the importance of providing treatment for alcoholism that is tailored to patients level of insight and motivation to melt down on their mall wrong. Rather than emphasizing direct confrontation of patients who deny problems related to their center of attention ill-treatment, social cart to acknowledge the evils of alcohol abuse and immediate endorsement of abstinence as a treatment priority, motivational approaches initially focus on relationship formation and harm step-down.While motivational strategies have gained some ascendance in the treatment of primary substance misuse, their importance has been even more rapidly accepted in sprain with individuals with comorbid disorders, whose psychiatric disorders are often inextricably tied to their use of alcohol and drugs. A useful overarching heuristic in work with all comorbid disorders is provided by the concept of play wise counseling.The gunpoints of counseling are based on the observation that commonwealth with an alcohol misuse problem who change their behavior over the course of treatment typically progress through a series of dots, and that each demo is characterized by different attitudes, behaviors and goals. By understanding a patients current stage of counseling, counsellor can optimize treatment so that it matches his/her current level of motivation, and avoid driving the person away from treatment by attempting interventions that are incommensurable to his/her motivation.Four stages of counseling have been identified engagement, persuasion, active treatment and regress measur e (Mueser et al. , 2003). Efforts to change another persons behavior are doomed to failure if a therapeutic alignment has not first been established. Therefore, at the engagement stage the primary goal of counseling is to establish a operative alliance (or therapeutic relationship) amongst the patient and counselor. A working alliance can be operationally defined as regular contact (e. g. weekly) between the patient and counselor (McHugo et al. , 1995).Until this relationship is established, no efforts are directed at changing the substance misuse. A wide range of strategies exist for winsome the patient in treatment, including assertive outreach, resolving a crisis, attending to radical needs (e. g. medical, housing), and legal constraints (e. g. outpatient lading). At the persuasion stage, the counselor has a working alliance with the patient, but the focus of the relationship is not on addressing the patients substance misuse. Therefore, at this stage the patient is still a ctively misusing substances, or has only recently begun to cut down on substance use.The goal of this stage is to convince the patient that his/her substance misuse is an important problem, and to marshal motivation to begin working on that problem. Motivational interviewing (Miller & Rollnick, 2002) is one useful dodging for helping patients understand the negative impact of their substance use on their own personal goals. Persuasion groups (Mueser et al. , 2003), in which patients are provided with an opportunity to cope their experiences with substance use with a minimum of direct confrontation or social censure, can help patients develop motivation to address their substance misuse.Commitment to work on substance misuse can be operationally defined as an actual reduction in substance misuse (McHugo et al. , 1995), or another change in behavior that is associated with a reduction in risk (e. g. ceasing intravenous administration of a drug). In many cases, the duration of these attempts may at first be inhibited by the self-control skills the patient can marshal in these instances, re-engagement occurs in stringent conjunction with training in skills to deal with situations in which previous lapses occurred.Miller & Rollnick (2002) emphasize that commitment to change is a function of both motivation and self-efficacy or confidence in being able to change. As previously researchers ilk Bandura noted, quondam(prenominal) achievements are much more powerful influences on self-efficacy than oral persuasion that is unrelated to past performance. The attention of patients is drawn to winnerful aspects of past control attempts, rather than to their ultimate failure to deal with the substance-related problems up to now.While a sense of self-efficacy tends to have limited generalization across performance domains, commitment to change may sometimes be aided by success in another domain, such(prenominal) as work-related skills that open up options for a viable s ubstance-free emotional state-style. Once the patient has begun to reduce his/her substance use, the motivation to work on substance misuse is harnessed, and the goal of treatment shifts to further reduction of substance use or the maintenance of abstinence. Many of the strategies developed for people with a primary substance use disorder can be used with dually diagnosed patients once they reach the active treatment stage.Examples of interventions at this stage of counseling include cognitive-behavioral counseling to address high-risk situations, self-help groups, and social skills training to address substance use situations. Structured activities, such as work preparation or leisure pursuits that decrease opportunities for using substances and divert attention from substance use, can assist in development of substance control. In relapse prevention, the patient has achieved substance control for a substantial period (e. g. at least 6 months).The goals are to both guard against a relapse of substance misuse and to extend the gains made to other areas of functioning, such as social relationships, work and housing. Awareness of vulnerability to relapse can be achieved through continued participation in self-help groups, or individual or group work with substance misuse as a focus. The focus in the relapse prevention stage on other areas of functioning, such as relationships, leisure activities and work, reflects the belief that the better a patients life is, the less vulnerable he/she will be to a relapse of substance misuse.References Miller, W. R. , Brown, J. M. , Simpson, T. L. , Handmaker, N. S. , Bien, T. H. , Luckie, L. F. , Montgomery, H. A. , Hester, R. K. & Tonigan, J. S. (1995). What works? A methodological analysis of the alcohol treatment outcome literature. In R. K. Hester & W. R. Miller (Eds), Handbook of Alcoholism handling Approaches hard-hitting Alternatives, 2nd edn (pp. 1244). Needham Heights, MA Allyn and Bacon. Monti, P. M. , Abrams, D. B. , Kadden, R. M. & Conney, N. L. (1989). Treating Alcohol Dependence. New York Guilford.Mueser, K. T. , Noordsy, D. L. , Drake, R. E. & Fox, L. (2003). Integrated Treatment for Dual Disorders A Guide to Effective Practice. New York Guilford Publications Miller, W. & Rollnick, S. (2002). Motivational Interviewing Preparing mountain to Change Addictive Behavior, 2nd Edition. New York Guilford. McHugo, G. J. , Drake, R. E. , Burton, H. L. & Ackerson, T. H. (1995). A scale for assessing the stage of substance abuse treatment in persons with severe mental illness. journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 183 (12), 762767.

Fiedler’s Contingency Theory Essay

The contingency Theory shows the descent between the drawing cards orientation or style and multitude fulfilance under(a) differing situational conditions. The theory is ground on determining the orientation of a draw ( dealingship or labour ), the elements of the situation ( drawing card-member relations, trade union movement organize and draw smudge power), and the leader orientation that was give to be most in force(p) as the situation changed from crushed to moderate to spunky train. Fred Edward Fiedler in his turning point 1964 article, A contingency of Leadership Effectiveness. studied and emphasized the importance of both(prenominal) the leaders personality and the situation in which that leader operates. Fiedler found that task oriented leaders were more effective in wretched and moderate control situations and affinity oriented managers were more effective in moderate control situations. Fiedler and his associates studied leaders in a miscellany of co ntexts but mostly in military context and their model is based on their research findings. They push throughlined two styles of lead namely task-motivated and relationship-motivated. assign refers to task accomplishment, and relationship-motivation refers to interpersonal relationships. He beatnikd leadership style leadership style with the Least best-loved Co-Worker scale (LPC scale ). tally to Northouse ( 2007 ), the leaders scoring high on this scale be relationship motivated and those scoring low are task motivated. Northhouse further indicated that, primordial to contingency theory is the concept of the situation, which is characterized by three brokers. mavin, leader-member relations which deals with the command atmosphere of the gathering and the feelings such as trust, loyalty and confidence that the group has for its leader. Two, task structure, which is related to task clarity and the means to task accomplishment. Three, the position power, which relates to the am ount of reward-punishment authority the leader has over members of the group. These three factors determine the incontrovertibleness of various situations in the organization. Definitions of factors in Contingency Theory Situational elements One, is the leader-member relations.The regard with which the leader and the group members hold one another determines in part, the ability of the leader to influence the group and the conditions under which he or she can do so. It therefore follows that a leader who is accepted by the group members is in a more favorable situation than one who is not. Two, is the task structure which is determined by the following questions in mind can a ratiocination be demonstrated as condemn? , are the the requirements of the task of the task understood by everyone? , is there more than one correct solution?.If the groups task is not structured, and if the leader is no more knowledgeable than the group about how to accomplish the task, the situation defi nitely becomes unfavorable. The third factor is the leader position power. This is determined by the rewards and punishments which the leader officially has at his or her disposal for either rewarding or punishing the group members based on how they perform. The more power the leader has, the more favorable the situation. Leader Orientation Fiedler used the Least Preferred Co-worker scale commonly known as LPC scale to measure leadership style.LPC helps management identify the human relations orientation and task orientation of possible leaders. He analyses leader orientation as follows. One of the factors is relationship orientation in which he said that high LPC leaders are more concerned with personal relations, more sensitive to the feelings of others, and give way of heading off conflict. Such leaders use their good relations with others to get a job done. This also enables them to deal with complex issues when qualification decisions. These leaders tend to have an LPC score of 73 and above. In high control situations, these leaders tend to become bored and are no longer challenged.They tend to seek approval from their superiors ignoring their subordinates or they may conclude to reorganize he task. They often become inconsiderate toward their subordinates as a result, become more punishing and more concerned with performance of the task. In moderate control situations, they focus on group relations. They reduce the anxiousness and tension of group members and thus reduce conflict. They handle creative decision making groups well. They see this situation as challenging and interesting and perform it well in it. Lastly, in low control situations, they always try to obtain group support often at the expense of the task.In fact under extremely stressful situations, they may also accept from leadership role, failing to direct the groups work. The second factor is task oriented. According to Fiedler, the LPC score for leaders here is 64 and below. first base LPC leaders are more concerned with the task, and less dependent on group support. They tend to be eager and impatient to get on with work. They quickly organize the job and have a no-nonsense military strength about getting the work done. In moderate control situations, they are anxious and less effective. They become absorbed in the task and fabricate little attention to personal relations in the group.They tend to be insensitive to the feelings of their group members, and the group resents the lack of concern. However, in high control situations, these leaders are relaxed and develop pleasant relations with subordinates and they are cushy to get along with. As work gets done, they do not meddle with the group or expect interference from their superiors. And lastly in low control situations, the leaders devote themselves to their challenging task. They organize and drive the group to task completion. They also tend to control the group tightly and bind strict discipline .Fiedler and associates concluded that if a leaders LPC scores strike between 65 and 72, then the leader must carefully study their leadership style as they learn more about the relationship oriented and task oriented styles. However, it is important to note that there is no single leadership style that is effective in all situations. Rather, real leadership styles are better suited for some situations than for others. Fiedler further pointed out that the effectiveness of the leader is contingent upon the orientation of the leader and the favorableness of the situation.

Factor Influencing Mortar Selection

1 Independent Study final cause 50731710 . .. 15 2552 . .. . . . . . 2 2552 . .. .. . .. ( ) ( ) ? ( ) Significant factors influencing construction business for instant cementum (Dry Mortar Cement) selection. .. .. . ?. 2 ( ) ( 1 3) Significant Factors Influencing Construction Business for fast Cement (Dry Mortar Cement) Selection (Chapter 1 -3) 50731710 .. ? 3 1 ? ? ? 8 ? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 55. 36 ? 30 1-2 ?.?. 2551 1. 8% 2. ( ) 27% 4 3. 4. 5. 6. ( ) 18% ( ) 9% ( ) 4% 4% ? ( ) 3 8 3 1. SMC ( ) 2. ( ) SCCC 3. ( ) TPI-PL ? 5 ( ) 3 13 ? ? 1 2549 2550 2551 2552 2553 ? ( ) ( ) ( ) 115,000 113,013 -1,988 -1. 73% 200,000 178,763 -21,237 -10. 62% 260,000 166,207 -93,793 -36. 07% 330,000 400,000 1 1 2 3 6 2 549 2550 2551 2552 2553 SMC ( ) TPI-PL ( ) SCCC ( ) ( ) 1,530,000 603,738 371,943 113,013 441,307 1,630,000 682,807 436,025 178,763 332,405 1,730,000 739,575 513,810 166,207 310,408 1,850,000 1,970,000 2 SMC 39. 46% 41. 89% 42. 75% TPI-PL 24. 31% 26. 75% 29. 70% SCCC 7. 39% 10. 97% 9. 61% 28. 84% 20. 39% 17. 94% 2549 2550 2551 2552 2553 3 ? 7 ? 1. 2. 3. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 1. 2. ? 3. 1. ?.?. 2549 2. ? ? 3. 8 1. (1450 ? C) 2. ? 9 2 ? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. (Organization Buying) trade Mix) 4 1. (Sole proprietorship) (Allyn and Bacon, 1987) ? 10 ( , 2549) ? 2. (Limited Partnership) (Allyn and Bacon, 1987) (Limited partnership) ? 1 ? ? ( , 2549) (Limited partnership) 2 ? ? 11 3. (Corporation) (Straub/Attner, 1985) ? ( , 2549) 7 ? ? ? ? ? 12 4. ( ) (Public Company) ( , 2552) ?.?.?. ?.?. ? ? 535 ? ? ? ( ) Public Limited Company ? Plc PLC (Public Limited Company) private Pcl PCL (Public Company Limited) ?. 15 5 ? ?. 100 0. 6 50 ? ? ? 10 ?. 5 20 100 ? (Trewatha Newport, 1982) ? ? 4 (.. , 2552) ? ? 13 1 2 ? 3 1. ? 2. 14 3. ? ? ? ? 1. 2. 3. 3 4. 5. 2 ? 6. ? 4 1. (Top Management) ? 2. (Manager) 2 15 3. (Frontline manage or Supervisor or Group leader) (Foreman) 1 ? 4. (Staff) 4 ? 1. 2. 3. 4. ? ? ( . , 2552) ? ( ) 8 1. 1 9 2. 2 9 3. 1 10 4. 2 9 5. 8 16 6. 9 7. 15 ? 8. 6 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 4 4 10 10 50 50 100 100 1,000 1,000 (Organization Buying) (Philip Kotler and Kevin alley Keller, 2006) 1. 17 2. 3. ? 3 ? 1. (Straight re-buy) ? 2. (Modified re-buy) ? ? 3. (New task) (Awareness) (Interest) (Evaluation) (Trial) (Adoption) ? 8 ? (Buying Center) 7 1. (Initiators) 2. (Users) 3. (Influencers) 4. (Deciders) 5. (Approvers) 6. (Buyers) 19 7. (Gatekeepers) ? ? ? ? 4 ? 2 1. (Environmental factors) ? ? 20 2. (Organization factors) ? ? (Purchasing-department upgrading) (Centralized purchasing) (Decentralized purchasing) Long contract) (Purchasing performance evaluation and buyers professed(prenominal) development) 3. (Interpersonal factors) ? ? ? 4. (Individual factors) ? ? ? 21 ? ? ? ( , 2541) ? 8 1. (Problem recognition) ? 2. (General need description) ? 1 3. (Product specification) 4. (Supplier search) ? 5. (Proposal solicitation) 6. (Supplier selection) ? ?. ?. ?. ?. ?. ?. ?. 22 ?. ?. ?. ?. ?. ?. ?. ?. ?. ?. ?. ?. . (Order routine specification) ? 8. (Performance review) (Marketing Mix) (Philip Kotler and Kevin track Keller. 2006) ? 4 23 Four Ps ( ) (Product), (Price), (Place) (Promotion) 3 (Product) (Attention) Acquisition) (Using) (Consumption) ? 5 24 1. (Core Product) ? 2. Generic Product) 3. (Expected Product) 4. (Augmented Product) ? ? ? 5. (Potential Product) ? ? ? 5 ? 1. Tangible Product) ? ? ? (Consumer goods) (Industrial goods) (Consumer goods) 25 (End User) (Industrial goods) ? 2. (Intangible Product) ? (Service) ? ? (Price) 2 26 1. (Company Objecti ve) 2. (Character of Product) 1. (Demand) 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. ? 6 1. (Total Revenue) 2. (Profit) ? 3. (Quantity) ? 4. (Competition) 27 5. (Social) 6. (Image) ? (Place) ? (End User) (Industrial User) (Transfer Point) ? 1. 2. 3. 4. ( ) 5. 6. ?. 28 ?. ?. 7. ( ) ?. ?. ? ? ?. ? ?. ? (Promotion) ? 4Cs ? 29 1. (Advertising) ? 5Ms ?. (Mission) ?. (Money) ?. (Message) ?. (Media) ?. (Measurement) 2. (Sales Promotion) ? ? 3 ?. (Communication) ?. (Incentive) ? ?. Invitation) 3. (Public Relation) ? (Marketing Public Relation, MPR) ?. (Launch new products) ?. (Repositioning) 30 ?. ?. ?. ?. ? 4. (Personal Selling) 3 ?. ? (Personal Confrontation) ?. ? (Cultivation) ?. (Response) 5. (Direct Marketing) (Dire ct Mail) (Telemarketing) 4 ? ?. (Nonpublic) ?. (Customized) ?. (Up-to-date) ?. (Interactive) 31 (2544) 20-29 30-39 6-10 ? (2545) , ? 32 (2545) 30-39 ? 20,000-29,999 ? ? ? (2548) ? ? ? 30-39 10,000 3 10 ? ? 33 ( ) ? ? ? ? ? 34 4 5 35 1. 2. 3. 4. 36 3 ? 1. (Primary Data) 2. subsidiary Data) ? 1. ? ? 37 2. ? (Infinite population) n = N / (1+N. e2) n N e 10 % 0. 1 ? 90% 100 ? 1 2 3 38 (Pretest) ( ) 30 (Validity) (Difficulty) (Usability) ? (Reliability) 1. (Validity) ? (Content Validity) (Construct Validity) 2. Difficulty) ? 3. (Usability) 4. (Reliability) ? 39 (Reliability) ( Pre-test) 30 ? Alpha _________ 1. (Non-Probability Sampling) (Convenient Sampling) ? 2. 2552 08. 00 17. 00 ?. 2 100 1. (Editing) 2. (Coding) 40 3. 5 = = = = = 5 4 3 2 1 4.

Nature of Gender Relations in the United States Essay

Like the nationals of all otherwisewise countries, Americans have over the years developed a strongly sexual activityed culture. function from childhood, males atomic number 18 taught how to behave as males while females learn how to be feminine. masculinity is often associated with machoism, strength and aggression. sexual practice relations ar clearly unmistakable in the heterosexual dating scene where masculinity is expected of hands while feminity is expected of women (Zurbriggen, 2009). There exists a notable link among the prevalence of rape and gender relations. Women and children argon at the highest risk of rape. virtually victims are raped by relatives, friends, or people they know. Many are raped several times before they either report the brush up or it becomes difficult to keep it secret, for instance when they get pregnant or a venereal disease (Abbey et al. , 2004). To understand why people are victimized by those they are close to, unrivaled needs to sty le back at the violators developmental stages. Males learn early in livelihood that they are supposed to be more powerful than the rest. The resulting gender inflexibility leads men to rape or use violence to view and appal women (McGlynn, 2008 Zurbriggen, 2009).Men thus find it easier to justify rape and violence against defenceless spouses, children, friends and other relatives. Male victims of rape and males who choose to have sex with other males do not fit in as men and are often treated as women (Bonthuys, 2008). This implies that according to males, rape can still happen to non-males. America remains a largely patriarchal confederation which means that relations between members of society are still skewed in favor of men. Gender is seen in most aspects of everyday Americans lives and command of men over women is evident in domestic relations as well as in formal institutions (Seymour, 2009).While it boasts of being one of the longest democracies, the United States of America hosts a society which is still characterized gender relations which favour males at the expense of other members of society, thereby walk in the justification for men to hold power over and control other members of society. References Abbey, A. , Beshears, R. , Clinton-Sherrod, A. & McAuslan, P. (2004). Similarities and Differences in Womens Sexual Assault Experiences Based on Tactics Used by the Perpetrator. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 28 pp 323-332. Bonthuys, E. (2008).Putting Gender into the Definition of Rape or Taking it Out? Feminist level-headed Studies 16 pp 249-260. McGlynn, C. (2008). Rape as Torture? Catherine Mackinnon and Questions of Feminist Strategy. Feminist juristic Studies 16 pp 71-85. Seymour, K. (2009). Women, Gendered Work and Gendered Violence So Much More than a Job. Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 16, No. 2 pp 238-265. Zurbriggen, E. (2009). Understanding and Preventing Adolascent Dating Violence The splendor of Developmental, Sociocultur al, and Gendered Perspectives. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 33 pp 30-33.

Element Definition ACT in the Play Essay

ResolutionBackground information is presented, of import characters are introduced, and the conflict is complete The conflicts and ch all in allenges encountered by the characters. How they respond keeps the story moving forward. The turning consign in the conflict. Tension builds until the main character must make a conclusiveness or carry away action that determines the direction of the story. The events that occur after the main character makes the key decision in the story The resolution is where all the questions are answered and loose ends are tied, providing a clear ending passage 1. Macbeths encounter with the weird sisters. good turn 2. The murder of pansy Duncan make out 3. The appearance of Banquos ghost at Macbeths coronation celebration. Act 4. Macbeth loses control.Act 5. Macbeth gets killedPlot AnalysisAs you read the scenes in this lesson, take notes on outstanding events in the story. Provide the line or lines from the make that relate to the event. Stop and commend for a moment about wherefore that event is important for the story and add your thoughts in the space provided. return Text Support Why is it important to the story?The murder of King DuncanThe appearance of Banquos ghost1. Unless the deed go with it from this moment the precise firstlings of my heart shall be the firstlings of my hand. I have suppd full with horrors direness, beaten(prenominal) to my slaughtrous thoughts, cannot once start me.This event is important to the story because this is the turning point for Macbeths behavior. He was once regretful of the murder and it took him awhile to recruit from his emotion but once he started being told he was unbeatable he conscious left and he became ruthless This event is important to the story because this is when everyone close to Macbeth realizes that hes paranoid and having problems dealing with the notional things he caused. ReflectionChoose one of the events you added to your graphic organizer and remember abou t why it is an important piece of the plot. Focus on the social function it serves in the story. Consider how the story would change if that event was altered. Form your ideas into a reflection paragraph of at least five sentences. Make incontestable to include supporting evidence from the play in your reflection.I think the murder of King Duncan is an important piece of the plot because that is the event that changed Macbeths life for the better and the worse. Macbeths wife committed suicide because she couldnt deal with the malice she caused. After Duncans murder, Macbeth became king and started becoming cold-hearted, cleanup people that was close to him before he became king and not intellection twice and the malice decisions. If King Duncan wasnt murdered, Macbeth would still be the destitute kind man that he once was and his wife would still be alive.

Practice Vision Essay

I suppose that its exceedingly difficult for any unveiling medical student to decide exactly in which areas they would prefer to specialize. For me, particularly, I scent that the decision has been one that has been extraordinarily difficult to reach. There is real a multitude of different areas in which I feel that I grow more than sufficient interest to succeed.After quite a bit of time, however, and much careful deliberation and incisive thought, I have reached the conclusion that I would like to do my residency in native medicine and my fellowship in cardiology. There are myriad reasons for wherefore I arrived at this conclusion. First, and probably foremost, is my innate curiosity and interest in both of these areas of medical study. I have unceasingly been fascinated by the biological functions of the human body and I feel that the study of inbred medicine would result me to take an all-encompassing approach to the study of the body, non limiting myself to one specifi c area. The study of cardiology, on the other hand, would allow me to focus my expertise on one specific area that has always intrigued me. On the other hand, I feel that it would probably be kinda foolish, and possibly even negligent, to choose areas of study based exclusively on ones personal interest. Instead, I also carefully considered my abilities and feel that I possess a talent-set that would easily lend itself to both fields.

Office Software Essay

In a typical organization for type Exxon Mobile trade protection, uses an office automation computer parcel system named as e-integrate which successfully manages the diverse integrations of data sharing among each other. The group quislingism bundle utilize is named as e-communicate which eachows altogether the employees of the organization in accordance to their departmental rules and regulations.Advantages of business office Automation software systemThe advantages of an office automation and group coaction software can be attributed to effectively manage the resources like office employees and jobs. The database containing each(prenominal) the dispositions of the employees and the resources at use would make sure to bring the right gist of detail for working with it when needed. The record also facilitates the selectment of efficient data retentiveness and to maintain a standard practice for handling records. some other advantage would be to record e actu alt ogethery task d integrity and to record astronomical useful data of divers(a) transactions, issues and various exceptional situations which whitethorn be required as audit trail. The large data and its connecter would also assist the higher management for preparing MIS reports.Automation also enables one to figure out the achievement of the set of objectives that the business is about to decide. The various business processes can be effectively managed and must be synchronized come up for implementing the processes in action. The effective gain of the business processes can be measured only through the automation of business tasks. It efficiently keeps a record of every business objective and the process to execute in every way.The prime importance is the way the organization distributes data and experience among various resources mainly the human resources. The way one views data depending on the right and privileges one possess, makes sure that all the various views are well regularized pertaining to correct use and safety of the data. The business objectives are recorded and the very data integration and sharing is done at a large scalesDemerits of Office automation systemThe primary impairments of office automation softwares is that it is too expensive to maintain and periodic updates are not possible at all times, the maintenance cost is high as concrete technical batch is required for getting the job done. another(prenominal) aspect is to take care of the evolution of the software which changes in the propellent business environment.IITB.ac.in (2008) mentions that another demerit is the high dependence on much(prenominal) software makes it quite difficult to trust any human existence on breeding and would derive all trust on the software which further may cripple the office operations on a case of disaster.Advantages of Group collaboration softwareThe group collaboration software makes it easy to communicate among peers and external business units. The advantage would be to fetch converse and effectively obtain data for functioning in the risky business scenario. The group collaboration software also makes sure that all the various communication channels are maintained well for entropy distribution in a timely and correct manner so that one is able to fetch the right perspective for doing their job.The group collaboration software helps one to video conference with clients, suppliers, manufacturers and save a component of time and money. They can forward samples, brochures and resource materials and lots more.Large blame sharing is made possible using such collaboration software which would enable one to fetch the detailed information about a particular decision (Hyperoffice.com, 2008). Large decision parameters would make sure that all the various domains of employees are catered to their information needs.Disadvantages of Group collaboration softwareThe biggest disadvantage of the group collaboration software is that the communication would always be reliant on such software use only and employees would neglect any form of human in person communication. Although the company associated would cut cost but would fetch the mechanical way of taking care of communication aspects.Over dependence on the software would make sure that all the various communication mediums would not be trusted no more. A huge amount of dissatisfaction would prevail and would incorporate only transferring of data and messages through the electronic medium.The disaster recovery schemes are much not taken care resulting in huge risk of data loss and thereby information loss in the process. The disadvantage is the high degree of information sensitivity is high so several communications are often recorded and leads to disaster when the software collapses.The office automation and group collaboration softwares are used in Exxon Mobile security with an intention to fetch better methods to organize information for its effe ctive storage and efficient retrieval techniques. The basic purpose for fetching the right stress towards handling information would be served for making a right journey. On the other hand, the economy part of the automation software is quite enfeebling as the organization requires large scale investment, not only in one time installation but in periodic investments which require a lot of strategy in this direction.

Philosophy of mind Essay

?The theory of Dualism refers to the idea that a substance is make up of deuce fundamental comp iodinnts pass and matter. The mind component of Dualism refers to thinking and consciousness without an extension into space, whereas, the matter component of Dualism refers to a substance which pertains somatogenic properties which extends into space. The essential essence of the mind is thought, while the essence of the body is extension, which is examined in Renee Descartes Six Meditation in which he explores the ontological distinction between mind and matter.Descartes argues that graven image only allows us to perceive that which exists, otherwise he would be known to be deceitful. Furthermore, one can perceive two separate entities as complete things whose principal attributes exclude one another, on that pointfore, God can also separate these entities to allow them to exist without one another. This take down goes on to demonstrate that if two entities can exist in separation, careless(predicate) of whether they do or they dont, they really are distinct of one another.Ultimately, in relation to Cartesian Dualism, the mind cannot be perceived as a substance which pertains to an extension, and subsequently matter is clearly perceived as a substance to which the mind does not pertain. Descartes goes on to highlight that collectable to the aforementioned reasons, the mind and body can exist separate of separately other, concluding that they are distinct.a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a aa In response to Descartes input on Dualism, Jaegwon Kim basically puts forward the idea that objects that are in substantial, such as the mind, cannot interact with tangible objects located in space, however, theyre also unable to react causally to any other object as well. In essence, Kim aims to demonstrate that impalpable things have an inability to form causal relationships in any fashion with any object.Ultimately Kim suggests that due to intangible things inability to form causal relationships with other objects, it makes the ideas Dualism puts forward in relation to intangible objects, visionary and invalid. Kims causal pairing problem causes trouble for the idea of Dualism and it renders it as useless and somewhat invalid for the reason that it demonstrates that intangible things such as the mind essentially are unable to interact with tangible objects as there is no correlation between causes and effects. Bibliography.

Winter’s Bone

Essay Assignment 2 October 7th, 2012 Draft 2 (Final) Winters Bone I would like to start complete saying I sincerely enjoyed this book so far. I really like the text, and description it represents. There is a lot of realistic gravel in the book that serve wells me create my visual of the book. They didnt do nothin They didnt do a goddamned thing What the hellre you tryin to haul? Most books are cheesy written, and worded. This book was different, and really fit into my interest. I usually descry it hard to fetch into a book, an reading a lot of the time makes me sleepy.I was able to adapt to this book quickly to exculpate a lot of questions an windering what was going to happen next. The Ozarks is a arouse place that helps shape the lives of anyone who lives there. Ree finds herself, her family, all on the bad side of the natural law since illegal activities are done to support themselves in such a harsh environment. These illegal activities of her father start Ree on a jo urney. She has to find her father with only the help of family to save her familys crime syndicate and land. Jessup, Rees father, is the most important cause of her journey.He comes home and leaves promising hed be back soon as he could with a newspaper sack of cash and a trunkload of delights. Ree is left with the tasks of chopping wood and making certain(predicate) there is food on the table for everyone, which is usually the man of the houses job. He had told her to not up to now look for him until you see my face. (Chpt 1) Then, when the kids get home from school riding in Sheriff Baskins patrol car, the sheriff asks her if she has seen Jessup and informs her that he come out the land and house up for the bail.If Jessup didnt show up for court, they would be poor and homeless. Ree also has to be a mother to the kids, because her mom is sanely much useless. Something happened, whether it was drug or her lifestyle while Jessup had been imprisoned in advance, and the musi c that she is on is not helping. Ree had to get Sonny and Harold ready for school even if the clothes were dirty and there was no butter to go with the grits. The kids show up home having hitched a ride from the deputy up to the skirts house for which they were reprimanded by Ree to not ven associate with the law. Ree later makes authentic to put them under her wing so that they could learn to hunt and machinate if there was ever a need for them to take care of themselves. She starts wake them how to make deer stew and how to shoot and clean squirrels. The next day, when they got home. split came over. When he realizes he needed to help his brothers family. He lets Ree know that the police found Jessups car burnt, but he wasnt in it. He also gave them more money to help out.He then also gave her the advice of selling of the timber on their land before the bail bondsman came to throw them out of the house, but Ree still thinks that it wont happen. Teardrop starts talking about times before when things were severe and family all got along. Ree goes to town to get some groceries and is getting to the point of accept her father is dead but trying to figure out why. every he stole or he told. Those are the things they kill you for. Gail told her. Chpt 15) speech back to my thoughts, where I had a dead beat father who ran off, and never came back home. Which made my mom have to do everything for us alone. Its always weird how the books you read can sometimes relate back to you in ways you never thought they could. I then know Im not the only one who had that experience. Which then as well helps me cope with my issues an conceive better. I really like that about a book when I can relate to some of the things going on in the story.

Metaphysics; Plato and Aristotle Essay

a. IntroductionAs a major duty assignment for this phase, you ar to relieve an analyse study on a topic relating to the subject matter of the course and drawing off on course material. This should be a new composition, written by you individu altogethery, specifically for this class.You have two alternatives to do this assignment.First option You rout out write an essay makeup in a rather virtuous style by selecting one of the listed topics in part b. If you decide to do the first option, you be requisite to plunk one of the listed topics and write a philosophical essay according to the description provided for apiece topic. Second option You nominate conduct a philosophical project and write an essay on the findings of the project. For this option, you need to become an undercover philosopher and interview 5 divers(prenominal) sight on a philosophical topic m some othern in part c. The final outcome of your project should include the interviews results and your s timulate analysis.irrespective of the option you claim you are required to follow these criteriaYou are required to do whole one of the mentioned options. But it is better to make decision as soon as possible since it forget take cartridge holder to accomplish either of them.This assignment is due no later than 1159 p.m. on Monday, April 28. Late composings lead only be accepted with an appropriate excuse and a mention deduction.Your paper entrust be submitted via TurnItIn through the chalkboard site for the course. Just so you are aware, TurnItIn automatically checks your paper for piracy and will catch it if you try. No netmail or paper submission will be accepted.You should use the MS Word template file provided in your Blackboard. Papers not brisk in that coiffe will not be graded.The final paper should be named as Your Last Name_Your EU ID_Your Course Section.DOCX o For mannikin if your last name is Jones and your EU ID is mhj034 and you are in PHIL 1050 section 001 and thusly your file name should be Jones_mhj034_001.docx. Another example Ahmadi_kia9801_002.docx for student named Ahmadi with kia9801 as EU ID taking 002 section of the course.There must be _ (underline) grammatical case between name, EU ID, and class section. o EU ID is the ID you use to login to your Blackboard account. You substructure find your class section by looking at the title of the course listed in your Blackboard account.Your paper must be no less than 1000 and no more than 1500 words (this is force only this is not counting name, title, footnotes, bibliography, etc.) Papers with less than 1000 or more than 1500 words will be graded with a point deduction.You may find a PDF copy of Writing Philosophy on Blackboard, it is strongly recommended that you utilize this resource to help you write a ingenuous paper.All sources, including assigned readings, must be mental strainally mobilized according to the pelf Manual of Style (resources for which asshole b e found online). Use of utility(prenominal) sources is strongly encouraged but not required. Remember that failure to list sources technically constitutes plagiarism For pass on information, you potful review the universitys indemnity on academic integrity at http//www.vpaa.unt.edu/academic-integrity.htm.Regarding citations, long quotes of 4 or more lines are not allows and will result in a noticeable point penalty if used. Remember alike that not only direct quotes also paraphrasing of another(prenominal) persons material must be formally cited.All sources must be listed as footnotes. No bibliography or reference list at the end of the paper is required. pass on details intimately citation can be found in the MS Word template file in your Blackboard account.This assignment makes up 25 out of 100 points for your final grade. You will be graded equally on writing, your summary of material, and your own critical response. beyond these you can lose points for having a paper tha t is too short, failing to cite sources, or in every other appearance failing to stand by to the instructions and criteria for the assignment.Grading CriteriaAn A paper is one that follows all format requirements, is at the standards of college writing, contains an excellent summary of course material, andshows alimonyful opinion about the topic.A B or C paper is one that follows close format requirements, is at or near the standards of college writing, contains a summary that shows a good or at least basic get winding of course material, and shows your own sound offing about the topic.A D or F paper is one that is well below the paper requirements or the standards of college writing, contains a summary which shows a poor understanding of course material, and/or where any thought of your own on the topic is lacking. And, of course, any paper containing plagiarism will receive an F.Given that this a college course, it is expected that all students are capable of a certain leve l of writing quality. If you touch sensation that your writing skills are not the best, I would strongly encourage you to undertake help from the UNT Writing Lab (http//www.unt.edu/writinglab/).b. First Option Classic testFor your essay you may select from a list of topics below. Your topic will mean two aspects. First, you should summarize a theory or go by of theories of philosophy that we have learned or discussed in class. Second, you should give your own disceptation for what is the proper view regarding that topic. Your paper must have two a summary of course material and your own original deliberateing on the topic, in roughly equal measure.Essay Topics If you decide to write a classic essay paper you are required to choose one of the following topics. Otherwise you could do the uphold option depict in part c. (1) Metaphysics Plato and Aristotle First,summarize Platos theory of the Forms as crowning(prenominal) reality (The Republic). Then, summarize Aristotles the ory of the four causes and form/matter as ultimate reality (Physics). The second fractional of your paper should critically compare and bank line the two, and give your own argument for which you think is more correct, and ultimately province and argue for what you think the authoritative nature of reality is. (2) familiarity Descartes and Hume The first half of your paper will involve summarizing Descartes view of acquaintance (Meditations), then summarizing Humes view of familiarity (Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding). The second half of your paper should critically compare and contrast the two, and give your own argument for which you think is more correct, and ultimately state and argue for how you think we acquire true knowledge and what the limits of knowledge are.(3) Cogito Argument and Counter-Argument The first half of your paper involve summarizing Descartes arguments in support of Cogito and philosophical implications of it (Meditations), then summarizing an s trong counter argument from another philosopher (Modern or Contemporary) against Cogito and its implications. The second half of your paper should critically compare and contrast the two, and give your own argument for which you think is more correct, and ultimately state and argue for the relevance and validity of Cogito argument. (4) Ethics Aristotle and Kant The first half of your paper will involve summarizing Aristotles virtue ethics (Nicomachean Ethics, books I and II), then summarizing Kants deontological ethics (Foundation for the Metaphysics of Morals).The second half of your paper should critically compare and contrast the two, and give your own argument for which you think is more correct, and ultimately state and argue for what you think is the proper orgasm to ethics, including whether ethics should be approached through good character or rules for action. (5) Knowledge and Method Aristotle and Descartes The first half of your paper will involve summarizing Aristotles view on knowledge and method (Physics), with emphasis on the Empiricist method and his teleological account of nature and further will involve summarizing Descartes view (Meditations), with emphasis on the Rationalist method and Cartesian doubt. The second half of your paper should critically compare and contrast the two, giving the pros and cons of distributively as well as your owncritical reflection on the proper approach and method for knowledge.c. Second Option Philosophical befuddleFor this option you are required to interview quin different people on a philosophical topic listed below. First you need to understand the topic well in order to conduct your interviews. Then you pick your interviewees and learn the questions. You need to accurately record their answers. Then you summarize each interviewees responses in a very concise but piss split up. To do this you need to extract the philosophical core implied in the answers. You should not scarce write down everything t hey say, because only philosophical arguments of their responses are important and applicable to this work. You should beseech your questions is a way that makes interviewees reveal their principles or assumptions regarding the topic. Then you give your original thinking on those philosophical arguments and principles by comparing, criticizing, and challenging them. largely give tongue toing, your essay should include at least 8 carve ups. First paragraph should include the questions you asked in your interviews. Five close paragraphs could be dedicated to the summaries of five interviews, and one paragraph for comparing the philosophical arguments and criticizing them, and one last paragraph for presenting your original thoughts on the issue. You should be creative in your questions and let the interviewees speak in their own voices. further you should guide the interview so that you can grasp the underlying philosophical principles. You should not include the interviewees na me or identity in the paper. This is implicitly against UNT regulations for such(prenominal) research. Also you dont need IRB approval since this is only a class assignment and the results will not be published in any way.Interview Topics(1) estimable relativism. The main question is is ethics comparative or unquestioning?. However in addition to this question you should ask more questions to make the interviewees uninfected about their idea of respectable principles. You should ask interviewees to explain their reasons with examples. Also you can challenge their responses by giving them counter-examples. For example, for a person who thinks ethics is relative, acounter argument could be then everything is correct at the like measure or why killing innocent people for summercater is always wrong then? Or for a person who intends that honorable principles are absolute, a counter example is what if an ethically wrongdoing (such as lying to a murderer, or torturing a terroris t) is the only way to stop a disaster? (2) Absolute Truth. The main question is is thither an absolute truth? You should ask interviewees to explain their reason. Also you should ask them if absolute truth depends on clement mind or whether or not is attainable by gentlemans gentleman mind. A challenge to people who believe in absolute truth is how exactly they know on that point is an absolute truth? or how can they justify their position? On the other hand, if they believe in relativity of truth, then the challenge is then everything can be true or false at the same time and this is contradictory (isnt it?). Also you can ask if scientific truths are relative in their opinion or not. In addition, they should make it hold on what parameters truth depends (e.g. social contract, power, culture, personal preference, utility, etc). And also if truth is relative then why do we think we know the physical serviceman better than ancient thinkers (dont we?)(3) Environmental Ethics. The main question is do we have moral duty to nature and environment? You should ask questions such as are we morally creditworthy for nature and environment?, is there anything morally wrong about destroying nature (intentionally or unintentionally)?, what if destroying nature is demand for human heart? and what makes us responsible for nature? You can also ask questions about what elements and aspects in nature makes us responsible. For instance, we are responsible because it is useful for us, or because it is beautiful, or because animals and plants are alive (like us), or it is because of the next generations that we are responsible? Or combination of them.You should explain what sort of ethical relationship each interviewee is assuming between them and nature. Also do they think that human is just a plain member of ecosystem or supererogatory member who stands above everything because it is human organism? Also to what extent we should care for nature? (4) Existence. The main q uestion is what makes our existence valuable?. You may ask questions such as why we are here?, why we should not kill ourselves?, what is the most valuable in human life?, what makes life worthy of living?, what isvaluable about existence?, is the any consumption in human life? and is there any meaning in human existence?.(5) Being Human. The main question is what is human being? Under this topic you should ask the interviewees to give a very clear and concise definition of human being and then ask them further questions to challenge their definition. For example, if human being is defined as a rational animal, then why we consider mentally impaired humans as human being? The main concern in this topic is to clarify the essence of human being. Also you should ask them to explain how philosophy/ information/religion can help us understand the nature of human being. Also you may ask them to clarify whether or not human being has a fixed nature /essence. In this regards you can ask do you think human beings have changed in their nature/essence over the course of history? Also you may ask them how can we grasp the truth about human nature.P

America in Black and White

Langston Hughes was an important and defining figure of the Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s up to the 1930s, a decade of great activity in the Afro-American humanities scene. Hughes was know for the rhythm, jazz and blues, of his poetry. The theme of his poetry is mostly on the breeding experiences of the African-American. In his Theme for English B, Hughes expresses the reality in the disparity of existence unforgiving among Whites. In the first stanza, the professors assignment was ad hoc and defined which was to pull through a page about oneself. It was a disagreement from the usual rigid English lessons, like classical verses.Writing about oneself was more loose and relaxed. Hughes use iambic quatrain to taunt the rigidity of the instruction. Hughes made it known from the beginning that scholar and professor were different. The student thought the assignment over, and wondered if it was light-colored writing about oneself. Hughes used the free-verse style on rest of the verse to contrast the earlier quatrain. Alliteration and Assonance in line of products 7, I am twenty-two, colored, born in Winston-Salem had the jazz sounds of Harlem. Here, Hughes bared that the student was Black and therefore the professor was White.When he combined two vowel sounds in Line 10, I am the as yet colored student in my class Hughes indicated how strongly the student felt about creation Black. Hughes used metaphors to de none Black with Harlem, 8th Avenue, 7th Street and Harlem Branch Y, places where there was heavy African-American population. There was a noticeable change in the order of the I from Lines 6, 7, 8 and 10, such as, I wonder / I am twenty-two / I went to school there / I am the only to Lines 12-14 then I cross / and I set about / where I come /. The I used to start off the lines, they now end off the lines.Such shock was a symbolical of the place the Black took in society. The symbolism of approach from African-American places goin g upwards to the school on the hill and taking the elevator to his room at the Y told of the students efforts to advert the level of the Whites. It must be recalled in Line 6 that the student had doubts I wonder if its that simple? referring to the assignment. Now at Line 16, he was sure that It is not easy to know what is true for you or me. Hughes at this point now came with the you together with the me. With I feel and gather up and hear, Harlem, I hear you hear you, hear me we two you me, talk on this page (Lines18-19) the student was not just writing about himself scarcely of the whole African-American people. The sound of the assonance was strong like the tumult for equality. In Lines 21-26, the student cried out that he, in many ways, was like a white man with the same wants and aspirations in life. Hughes metaphors for gifts like pipe to represent growing old, Bessie for Blues, Bop for Jazz, and Bach for the classical and Baroque music.The student wrote that the Af rican-American also wanted the things the White man enjoyed. Hughes subtly presented the issue of racism by completely leaving out the assonance, instead, the student was introspective when he asked So will my page be colored that I write? (Line 27). Despite the absence of the assonance, Hughes was still able to convey what the student wanted to experience life, like the Whites do, until he is old when he smokes his pipe and hear to good music. The professor and the student were a contrast from the start, with conflicts in between.Hughes frame a common ground in Lines 31-33 You are white / yet part of me, as I am part of you. / Thats American. He followed it up with Lines 37-38 As I take in from you, I guess you learn from me Hughes tried to make his readers see that the equalizer comes in both their be Americans. Theme for English B gives a very light treatment, being a free verse, of a compelling issue such as racism. The readers are able to internalize the poem through its rhythm. The tone of the poem is reflective as it is assertive with the use of the poetic voice of I coming as it is from someone who has a personal stake on the issue.Hughes was excellent in the use of a page for a firearm in an English B class, where the student would use black ink to write on a white sheet of writing paper. The symbolisms accurately portrayed the issue in the poem that Blacks and Whites despite their difference should not be opposing colors of America. They will both write narrative and define their future as Americans. References Hughes, L. (1951). Theme for English B. Retrieved April 25, 2009 from http//www. eecs. harvard. edu/keith/poems/English_B. html

Miller, Arthur. Death of a Salesman: Certain Private Conversation in Two Acts and a Requiem Essay

fit in to the Ameri domiciliate Dream, Willy Loman is a failure. His true failure is that he does not have it off with changing trends in the established system. According to American dream, success federal agency that one has materials and gadgets from the latest innovations, dresses well and works in a well-furnished way (Miller 5). The definition of success by the American dream is not the sole(prenominal) way for being successful. This is because having a melodic line or job that brings income, which can satisfy ones basic needs, and having social, political, emotional and economic stability is some signifier of success. In addition, the stories of Willys father, brother and son suggest that Willys want will never come true and thus will not achieve the American dream.The author, Miller, creates a character who possesses carpentry skills because these skills are viewed as old fashioned and not part of the new system, which is characterized by innovations and materials. Th e parole better as used by Willy means that the grandfather had skills, which were neutered and acceptable to the new system. The American dream is not concerned in the involvement of manual laborers, but focuses mainly in the success of business and this forms the relationship with the American dream. By saying little salary, Linda meant that the employee was not ready to change but remained in the same position for a long time (Miller 17). A little salary cannot help in achieving the American dream and therefore no man needs a little salary. In conclusion, Willy will have been happier if he had not felt compelled to obtain material success because he could have enough silver to take care and satisfy his family.Work CitedMiller, Arthur. Death of a Salesman definite Private Conversation in Two Acts and a Requiem. New York Penguin Publishers, 1998. Print. point of reference document

Napster vs. Music :: essays research papers

Napster is an online avocation program that allows users to look into another persons hard-drive in order to trade medicine. Napster and akin(predicate) software provides users with a method of searching thousands of other users computers to share thousands of spirited quality medicinal drug, music that is stored in the compressed .mp3 format.(Internet). Music of the popular artisan is traded through the Internet at no cost. In other talking to instead of having to pay market price for music users of Napster receive the music for free. Napster has caused major controversy throughout the music industry. The recording Industry acquaintance of America is suing Napster, claiming it allows users to make illegal copies of the copyrighted songs. It is seeking an injunction against the answer and damages for lost revenue from thousands of songs it says were pirated through tapsters program (Internet). So 1 must look at the question, are programs like Napster illegal or does the pr ogram actually have some validity.There are some(prenominal) people against the use of programs like Napster. The band Metallica filed the first federal become against Napster. The band is suing the company for copyright invasion and racketeering. Lars Ulrich, the band drummer says Napster hijacked our music without asking. They neer sought out permission. Out catalog of music simply became open as free downloads on the Napster system(Internet). Metallica is suing Napster and has criminate Napster of copyright infringement and racketeering. The Metallica bands as well as other groups believe that Napster has cost them very much money. They do not believe it is fair that people can go in and download their music for free instead of having to pay for it. The drummer suggested that the music traders were cowards using high technology for low-down theft (Metallica). In this daytime and age on has to consider the money issues. These issues are what make Napster bad. Napster has b een accused of illegal acts because it does provide copyrighted music.According to a CNN article net music debates plays our on capital hill The growth of online music work and utilities such as Napster has caused alarm among many record labels and artist, who care that the spot are places for music piracy that deprives them of earrings and royalties. Metallica drummer Eulrich said every time a Napster enthusiast downloads a song, it takes money from our pockets of all these members of the creative community.

The North Cascades :: essays research papers fc

The mating CascadesThe North Cascades became a national put on October 2, 1968. It is located in the north underlying atomic number 18a of Washington. Since its inception the viriditys mission education has evolved to include concerns of the entire ecosystem. (www.seattleinsider.com) When you go to the North Cascades in Washington, you hind end visit and do a chassis of things. Some major tourist attractions are the beautiful ice sculpted, jagged mountains, which rise above deep-forested valleys-terrain carve by moving ice. The Park Complex contains more glaciers than any different national greens in the United States outside Alaska. These glaciers are an big source of water for salmon, other wildlife, plants, and people in the Puget Sound region. The cascading waters, which earmark a large and expanding nearby population with a wide variety of recreational opportunities, from boating and camping to climbing and backpacking. The vast wildlife also is a major attraction because it is the core of one of the largest protected wild areas in the United States and is a substantial portion of it is designated wilderness. Humans here are visitors, who come to enjoy nature on natures terms. The park provides a home ground for one of the greatest diversities of plant life in North the States including rare and sensitive species. Some wildlife that live here are a variety of fish, deer, moose, geese, all kinds of birds, vaulting horses, bald eagles, wolves, grizzly bears, mountain lions, mountain goats and dreary bears. Ancient forest holds millions of living organisms and thousands of diverse life forms. The history of the park in general is also a tourist attraction for the park its was after all home to at least 4 tribes whose descendants now live nearby and includes, within its boundaries, three contemporary communities. (www.northcascades.net)The park and its breathtaking features attract 400, 000 visitors per year. The highest visitation time is us ually in majestic and the lowest is in January. When visitors are here they can do the following go backcountry camping, hiking, mountain climbing, fishing, horseback riding, wildlife and bird watching, scenery viewing, boating. Facilities include hiking trails, horse rentals nearby, small boat rentals, and professional guide, climbing, pack train services. It has been stated that there have been no known fires or floods that have occurred in this area. The wildlife and botany is basically the same as it is now. (www.nps.gov)Some educational programs offered at the North Cascades National Park are field seminars, retreats, graduate programs, teacher workshops, volunteer service learning, skagit watershed education project, and the Northwest Mountain indoctrinate which is a school for mountaineering, rock climbing, backpacking and more.